Automatic hydraulic transmission



y 29, 1952 J. 1'. HINTON 2,604,799

AUTOMATIC HYDRAULIC TRANSMISSION Filed June 2, 1949 4 Sheets-Sheet 1July 29, 1952 Filed June 2, 1949 J. T. HINTON 2,604,799

AUTOMATIC HYDRAULTIC TRANSMISSION 4 Sheets-Sheet 2 ATTORN EVA? 4Sheeqs-Sheet 5 Filed June 2, I949 @257; 7229x2022 I; a, M. Wffimwm.

ATTORNEYS J. T. HINTON AUTOMATIC HYDRAULIC TRANSMISSION July 29, 1952Filed June 2, 1949 4 Sheets-Sheet 4 Jo'ra T/Y'z'rakaz,

ATTORN E'Ys Patented July 29, 1952 UNITED PATENT? OFFICE;

\ I Q Q 2,604,799: r

AUToMATIQ"nvnnzwmcfl'msnsmssiow J ohn TfHin ton, Ma'co'miGa."Application Jnhez, 1949, "Serial N6; 96,7317 1 i The invention relates'to' transmissions and has as an object the provision 'of' anhydrauli'dtr'ansa missio'n'to" provide an improved graduation andcontrol of the power transmittedto"a driven shaft.

It is an object of the invention to provide: mech: anismpartic'i'ilarlyapplicable. to motorfca'rs, for 11113 automaticoperation;

It"'isa further object of the invention'toprovide a novel form'ofreverse mechanism? Further objectsarez' to providea simple mechanisin toperform the required operation: to"'im-' prove the'eontrols of devicesof this character to providea variable speed drive inclddizigrevms'edrive having no possibility ,of gear clash; and to provide a mechanismwhich" is fullf'automatic and can therefore be used to drive ainotofcar"wi'thou't a clutch.

Further 'obje'cts" WilTappea'r' fromth'e following 1' descfiptioon whenread in connection withthe ac companyin'g drawing showinganillu'strative em= bodiment of the invention and wherein? Fig. 1 is acentral verticallongitudinal" secmom;

Fig.2 is a horizontal section 'on'brokenflinei l ofFig. 1; f

Figs: '3," 4," 5 and 6 areverticall transverse sec"- uons on'tnecorresponding section lines'of'Fig" Fi'gi'l is'a detail section on linel -l bfFlgIiB Fig. 8 is a perspective diagrammaticview' illfistratingzoil, flow in the pump of Figs. 5, 6 and 7; and f F1239 'is a'vertical 'sectionthroughfa vacuum operable valve.

The device may be used for othrpur osestnan" operation of motorcars;butter convenience of disclosure willbe described asfo'r motor car trans2 Claims. (Cl. 7 l -766) gears 2|, 22, 23 are shown as integral 'br eachmounted rigidly-ona-common hub 24 'and are freely irevoluble on pin-s 9,20. While two triple:- gearsareshown, it will "be obvious that three ora' greatermumber may *beusedw For balance of" forces the pins-'19 and'20 and the triple gears 1 shaft-W31" Rigid with sleeve -25 thereisshown'ra i" gear 2 1", meshing with gears 2 l Freely -revolub1e onsleeve 2 5', there islshown fa sleeve 28 rigid with low-speed gear29',*and havin'gs -keyed to its opposite end-a pump gear-230 which is inmesh with-a pump gear '3I The -meshings gears 30 and 3! function as a"gear 'pumpandoperate in a pump housing 32' rigidly mounted in casingl0, and the pump is'pr'ovided with an in- Freely'rrevoluble -on.-s1eeve-28- there is shown-a sleeve iii-rigid with reverse geam-M meshin-gwithgears "23' and. havi'n'ga pump' ear 31'- 'keyed thereonwhichlatterfgear' meshes-with a pump gean 38 revolving ionishaftx 39' mountedin. pump ghousing-la 4IT= proVidedrwithdntake-M-and outlet 42.; p

Keyed-onshaft [2 there is-shown Onegear-zflpi a double pumpi-in' meshwith a theremainingpump gears" 44 and .45 which Illatter aremountedtome-=- 'volv'e on'sh'afts146 and 41: respectively mountediin :7

ump: housing? 2 fi 'which latter; as described above;-L revolvesiwithpropeller, shaft I 3 To provideinlet:andoutletipassages'for the dou-; 1bI'e-pump comprising -gearsi"43,i 44, '45 andzipump housing 25, the hubs148 49 of: therlatter revolve in'-rings= '50; 5l rig'idly smountedinicasing l0 and 1- forn'iedwith= cir'cular isemfitoroidal passageszfii,53=registeringzwith "semi: toroidal; passages 54, v5 5' formedin hubs-48, 49 respectively. The passage '52, 54 is shown (best in Fig. 2) asiinmommunica-r tion with anintake' pipe =56 :l and the :outletpassage-53ft? with an butletpip'e 5T; The inlet of. o pump 43; 44'-'is-sln awn asin communication withiii passage' 52i' 54jby a' passage SBand-"With outlet w passage 53555 by a passage 5 9 the inlet 0f pumps:431 45 is=correspondiiigh7 shown-as in ommunicw tiortWith inle't passage52 5 54 by 'assa'ge- =6 0 and witlfbutlet' passage 533" 55 by" passage 6I 5 -'I lie course nf thefluidthroughth double pumpis 'Tl'ieshaftshownas'extendedandsupported indieated fdiagrammatically by Fig3-8.=- 4

' It'will beunderstdodtliatthecasing "I [landthepump'housin'g'sii 6*,"32and "4 0 "must'be formed-each 1 iri twoparts n'ot'slio'wn)-boltedcogetherwith'the gasktsnecessaryto maketnestructures oil*tight"-be removably mounted in casing l ll-all for purposes of assembly. Sincethese provisions can take many forms and are not necessary for anunderstanding of the invention, they are omitted from the drawings forpurpose of simplification.

To prevent the operation of the oil pumps when operation is not wanted,the intake pipes 34, M and 56 are respectively provided with vent pipes62, 63, 64, the openings to the atmosphere of which may be closed bycaps65, 66, 61 mounted on levers 68, 69, 16, pivoted on a rod H rigidlysupported in the casing.

To cause a pump to operate there is shown a diaphragm 12, Fig. 4,dividing the interior of a casing 13 into two parts, the diaphragmconnects by a plunger 14 to a lever (69 as shown in Fig. 4). To move thediaphragm whereby to actuate the lever, the interior of the casing 13,at one side of the diaphragm is connected by a pipe 15 to the intakemanifold of the motor, under control of a valve 16.

To introduce a resistance to operation of an oil pump which has its ventpipe closed, thereby to lock the gears of the pump or to cause them toperform work, there is shown a chamber ll best shown in Fig. 5, equippedwith a piston 18 connected by a rod 79 with a valve 66 in delivery pipe51 (35, 42 or 51 as the case may be). The piston 18 is shown as urged toposition to open the valve by a spring 8| which may be compressed byvacuum derived from the carburetor of the motor, by suction pipe 62controlled by a second portion of valve 16. The pipes 82 for control ofeach pump are connected to valve 16, and the pipe 83 from valve 16 tothe carburetor is desirably connected to the latter just above thebutterfly valve thereof.

Operation When valve 16 is in a neutral position no suction is appliedto any of the three diaphragms 12 which are associated with therespective vent pipes 62, 63 and 64 shown in Fig. 1. Asmentionedheretofore, each of these vent pipes 62,

63 and 64 has associated therewith, respectively,

caps 65, 66 and 67 which are mounted on levers,

as the engine is merely idling. Thus, the engine I may idle without pumpaction despite the fact that the valve 16 has been moved to a suctionapplying position.

However as the engine speeds up suction from the intake manifold causesthe connected diaphragm 12 to move in an upward direction thus, for thearrangement shown in Fig. 4, causingthe lever 69 to pivot about rod- Hand bring cap 66 into closed position over vent pipe 63. Closure ofthevent pipe causes actuation of the pump associated therewith.Furthermore, as suction. increases in the carburetor of the engine. the.

pump choke valve 80 whichis positioned m'the discharge outlet of thepump as shown in Fig. 4, will be actuated to cause the pump to applyincreasing application o'f power to the corr'e-' sponding gears to causedrive of the propeller shaft in the direction desiredf The sequence ofaction just described relative to the pump arrangement shown in Fig. 4applies also to the pumps associated with vent pipes 62 and 64 when thevalve 16 is positioned to apply suction to the diaphragm 12 associatedwith these particular vent pipes. Of course, there is a pump choke valve80 associated with each pump.

To provide a brake, an additional oil pump is shown housed in casingrigid with casing In. The braking pump is shown as comprising pump gear86 keyed to shaft l3 and pump gear 81 revolving on shaft 68 journaled inhousing 85. A vent pipe 89 is shown for the brake pump and an outlet 90.

To control the brake, a cap BI is shown carried by a lever 92 and achoke valve 93 in the brake pump outlet. To actuate the vent cap andchoke valve of the brake pump, a flexible shaft 94 is shown which may beconnected to a. brake pedal.

When the shaft 94 is pulled upon abutment 95 will actuate lever 92through compression spring 96 to close vent 89 and further movement ofshaft 94 will cause gradual closure of choke 93 to resist relativemovement of the pump gears '86, 61 to retard revolution of shaft [3.

sleeve 25, keyed to housing 26, becomes in effect 'a part of the drivenshaft.

Furthermore, the revoluble pump housing 26 may be retained with itsenclosed pump for direct drive, at differing gear ratios, and the pump36, 3|, 32 may be omitted, sleeve 36 then being revoluble on sleeve 25to provide sun gear 36 and planetary gears 23 for reverse drive.

The shock resulting from a sudden closure of the choke valve 80 may beobjectionable in some fields of use. To cushion the shock there is shownan enlargement 9'! of the outlet pipe 51 to form a chamber into whichthe liquid may back up momentarily when the choke valve is closed. Thiscushion may be used on all or some only of the pump discharge pipesincluding that of the brake pump 85.

Minor changes may be made in the physical embodiment of the inventionwithout departing from the spirit thereof within. the scope of thefollowing claims. I claim:

1. A power transmission device comprising in combination, a drivingshaft, a driven shaft, 9. pump for transferring power from said drivingshaft to said driven shaft, said pump having a pump gear housingintegral with the driven shaft, a planetary pump gear journaled in saidhousing, and a sun pump gear keyed to said driving shaft. a sleeverevoluble on said driving shaft and keyed to said housing, a sun rigidwith said sleeve, a planetary gear driven by the driving shaft andmeshing with the sun gear on said sleeve, means to admit fluid to saidpump, a first suction control means connected to said fluid admittingmeans to control the amount of fluid admitted to said pump, means todischarge fluid from said pump, and a-second suction control meansconnected to said fluid discharge means to control the amount of fluiddischarged from said pump.

2. A power transmission device comprising'in combination, a drivingshaft, a driven shaft, a planetary gear actuated by the driving shaft, asun gear connected'for actuation of the driven shaft, planetary gearsrespectively of greater and 10f less diameter than the first-namedplanetary 5 gear and rigid with the latter, sleeves concentric with thedriving shaft, each carrying sun gears respectively in mesh with saidsecond-named planetary gears, a plurality of pumps corresponding innumber to the number of sleeves, there being a pump associated with eachsleeve and each pump having a pump housing and gear elements containedin said housing, the sleeve associated with a particular pump extendinginto the housing thereof and being connected to one of the gear elementscontained in said housing, each of said pumps also having a vent meansconnected thereto, suction controlled means for selectively closing saidvent means, means to admit fluid to each pump, means to discharge fluidfrom each pump, and suction controlled means connected to said fluiddischarge means for controlling the amount of fluid discharged from eachpump.

JOHN T. HINTON.

REFERENCES CITED The following references are of record in the file ofthis patent:

UNITED STATES PATENTS Number Number

